Postinstall should be executed with the spec of the target formula not
the spec argument from ARGV, otherwise the prefix can be incorrect. In
other words, if the stable version of a dependency gets installed,
postinstall for the dependency should use the prefix of the dependency's
stable version, not the prefix of its devel or head version.
Fixes#2941.
This is the (partially) documented public API for Homebrew.
The main class you should look at is the {Formula} class (and classes linked from there). That's the class that's used to create Homebrew formulae (i.e. package descriptions). Assume anything else you stumble upon is private.