Update Tips-N'-Tricks.md
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# Tips and Tricks
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## Installing previous versions of formulae
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## Install previous versions of formulae
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The supported method of installing specific versions of
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some formulae is to see if there is a versioned formula (e.g. `gcc@7`) available. If the version you’re looking for isn’t available, consider using `brew extract`.
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Some formulae in `homebrew/core` are made available as [versioned formulae](Versions.md) using a special naming format, e.g. `gcc@7`. If the version you're looking for isn't available, consider using `brew extract`.
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## Quickly remove something from Homebrew's prefix
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@ -15,32 +14,22 @@ This can be useful if a package can't build against the version of something you
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And of course, you can simply `brew link <formula>` again afterwards!
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## Pre-downloading a file for a formula
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## Pre-download a file for a formula
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Sometimes it's faster to download a file via means other than those
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strategies that are available as part of Homebrew. For example,
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Erlang provides a torrent that'll let you download at 4–5× the normal
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HTTP method.
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Sometimes it's faster to download a file via means other than the strategies that are available as part of Homebrew. For example, Erlang provides a torrent that'll let you download at 4–5× compared to the normal HTTP method.
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Download the file and drop it in `~/Library/Caches/Homebrew`, but
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watch the file name. Homebrew downloads files as `<formula>-<version>`.
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In the case of Erlang, this requires renaming the file from `otp_src_R13B03` to
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`erlang-R13B03`.
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`brew --cache -s erlang` will print the correct name of the cached
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download. This means instead of manually renaming a formula, you can
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run `mv the_tarball "$(brew --cache -s <formula>)"`.
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Downloads are saved in the `downloads` subdirectory of Homebrew's cache directory (as specified by `brew --cache`, e.g. `~/Library/Caches/Homebrew`) and renamed as `<url-hash>--<formula>-<version>`. The command `brew --cache -s <formula>` will print the expected path of the cached download, so after downloading the file, you can run `mv the_tarball "$(brew --cache -s <formula>)"` to relocate it to the cache.
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You can also pre-cache the download by using the command `brew fetch <formula>` which also displays the SHA-256 hash. This can be useful for updating formulae to new versions.
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## Installing stuff without the Xcode CLT
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## Install stuff without the Xcode CLT
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```sh
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brew sh # or: eval "$(brew --env)"
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gem install ronn # or c-programs
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```
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This imports the `brew` environment into your existing shell; `gem` will pick up the environment variables and be able to build. As a bonus `brew`'s automatically determined optimization flags are set.
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This imports the `brew` environment into your existing shell; `gem` will pick up the environment variables and be able to build. As a bonus, `brew`'s automatically determined optimization flags are set.
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## Install only a formula's dependencies (not the formula)
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@ -48,23 +37,27 @@ This imports the `brew` environment into your existing shell; `gem` will pick up
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brew install --only-dependencies <formula>
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```
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## Interactive Homebrew Shell
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## Use the interactive Homebrew shell
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```sh
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$ brew irb
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1.8.7 :001 > Formula.factory("ace").methods - Object.methods
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=> [:install, :path, :homepage, :downloader, :stable, :bottle, :head, :active_spec, :buildpath, :ensure_specs_set, :url, :version, :specs, :mirrors, :installed?, :explicitly_requested?, :linked_keg, :installed_prefix, :prefix, :rack, :bin, :doc, :include, :info, :lib, :libexec, :man, :man1, :man2, :man3, :man4, :man5, :man6, :man7, :man8, :sbin, :share, :etc, :var, :plist_name, :plist_path, :download_strategy, :cached_download, :caveats, :options, :patches, :keg_only?, :fails_with?, :skip_clean?, :brew, :std_cmake_args, :deps, :external_deps, :recursive_deps, :system, :fetch, :verify_download_integrity, :fails_with_llvm, :fails_with_llvm?, :std_cmake_parameters, :mkdir, :mktemp]
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1.8.7 :002 >
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==> Interactive Homebrew Shell
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Example commands available with: `brew irb --examples`
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irb(main):001:0> Formulary.factory("ace").methods - Object.methods
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=> [:install, :test, :test_defined?, :sbin, :pkgshare, :elisp,
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:frameworks, :kext_prefix, :any_version_installed?, :etc, :pkgetc,
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...
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:on_macos, :on_linux, :debug?, :quiet?, :verbose?, :with_context]
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irb(main):002:0>
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```
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## Hiding the beer mug emoji when finishing a build
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## Hide the beer mug emoji when finishing a build
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```sh
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export HOMEBREW_NO_EMOJI=1
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```
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This sets the `HOMEBREW_NO_EMOJI` environment variable, causing Homebrew
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to hide all emoji.
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This sets the `HOMEBREW_NO_EMOJI` environment variable, causing Homebrew to hide all emoji.
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The beer emoji can also be replaced with other character(s):
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@ -76,26 +69,18 @@ export HOMEBREW_INSTALL_BADGE="☕️ 🐸"
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### Sublime Text
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In Sublime Text 2/3, you can use Package Control to install
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[Homebrew-formula-syntax](https://github.com/samueljohn/Homebrew-formula-syntax),
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which adds highlighting for inline patches.
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- [Homebrew-formula-syntax](https://github.com/samueljohn/Homebrew-formula-syntax) can be installed with Package Control in Sublime Text 2/3, which adds highlighting for inline patches.
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### Vim
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[brew.vim](https://github.com/xu-cheng/brew.vim) adds highlighting to
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inline patches in Vim.
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- [brew.vim](https://github.com/xu-cheng/brew.vim) adds highlighting to inline patches in Vim.
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### Emacs
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[homebrew-mode](https://github.com/dunn/homebrew-mode) provides syntax
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highlighting for inline patches as well as a number of helper functions
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for editing formula files.
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- [homebrew-mode](https://github.com/dunn/homebrew-mode) provides syntax highlighting for inline patches as well as a number of helper functions for editing formula files.
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[pcmpl-homebrew](https://github.com/hiddenlotus/pcmpl-homebrew) provides completion
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for emacs shell-mode and eshell-mode.
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- [pcmpl-homebrew](https://github.com/hiddenlotus/pcmpl-homebrew) provides completion for emacs shell-mode and eshell-mode.
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### Atom
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[language-homebrew-formula](https://atom.io/packages/language-homebrew-formula)
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adds highlighting and diff support (with the
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[language-diff](https://atom.io/packages/language-diff) plugin).
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- [language-homebrew-formula](https://atom.io/packages/language-homebrew-formula) adds highlighting and diff support (with the [language-diff](https://atom.io/packages/language-diff) plugin).
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