update: add permissions check

Closes Homebrew/homebrew#42048

Closes Homebrew/homebrew#44434.

Signed-off-by: Xu Cheng <xucheng@me.com>

Library/Homebrew/cmd/update.rb

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 require "cmd/tap"
+require "cmd/doctor"
 require "formula_versions"
 require "migrator"
 require "formulary"
@@ -13,6 +14,16 @@ module Homebrew
       EOS
     end
 
+    # check permissions
+    checks = Checks.new
+    %w[
+      check_access_usr_local
+      check_access_homebrew_repository
+    ].each do |check|
+      out = checks.send(check)
+      odie out unless out.nil?
+    end
+
     # ensure git is installed
     Utils.ensure_git_installed!