diff --git a/Library/Homebrew/dev-cmd/audit.rb b/Library/Homebrew/dev-cmd/audit.rb
index f3f0c2a6d8..73c8bb4dd2 100644
--- a/Library/Homebrew/dev-cmd/audit.rb
+++ b/Library/Homebrew/dev-cmd/audit.rb
@@ -140,6 +140,11 @@ module Homebrew
       no_named_args = true
       [Formula.all, Cask::Cask.all]
     else
+      if args.named.any? { |named_arg| named_arg.end_with?(".rb") }
+        odeprecated "brew audit [path ...]",
+                    "brew audit [name ...]"
+      end
+
       args.named.to_formulae_and_casks
           .partition { |formula_or_cask| formula_or_cask.is_a?(Formula) }
     end