Make formula upgrades more liberal based on bottle

When we're installing a formula from a bottle, we currently always
upgrade all dependencies in the dependency tree to be safe.

However, if we're installing a bottle and the `runtime_dependencies`
within that bottle's tab all have older or equal versions to those
already installed: we do not need to upgrade these dependencies.

This should help a lot of upgrading a lot of the time, at least for
users using bottles (which is the huge majority).

The only downside or other noticeable change is that this requires us
to download or attempt to download the bottle tab before we compute
the dependencies at installation time.

Co-authored-by: Kevin <apainintheneck@gmail.com>

Library/Homebrew/dependency.rb

@@ -46,14 +46,23 @@ class Dependency
     formula
   end
 
-  def installed?
-    to_formula.latest_version_installed?
-  rescue FormulaUnavailableError
-    false
+  def installed?(minimum_version: nil)
+    formula = begin
+      to_formula
+    rescue FormulaUnavailableError
+      nil
+    end
+    return false unless formula
+
+    if minimum_version.present?
+      formula.any_version_installed? && (formula.any_installed_version.version >= minimum_version)
+    else
+      formula.latest_version_installed?
+    end
   end
 
-  def satisfied?(inherited_options = [])
-    installed? && missing_options(inherited_options).empty?
+  def satisfied?(inherited_options = [], minimum_version: nil)
+    installed?(minimum_version: minimum_version) && missing_options(inherited_options).empty?
   end
 
   def missing_options(inherited_options)
@@ -239,8 +248,8 @@ class UsesFromMacOSDependency < Dependency
     [name, tags, bounds].hash
   end
 
-  def installed?
-    use_macos_install? || super
+  def installed?(minimum_version: nil)
+    use_macos_install? || super(minimum_version: minimum_version)
   end
 
   sig { returns(T::Boolean) }

Library/Homebrew/formula_installer.rb

@@ -96,6 +96,7 @@ class FormulaInstaller
     @requirement_messages = []
     @poured_bottle = false
     @start_time = nil
+    @bottle_tab_runtime_dependencies = {}
 
     # Take the original formula instance, which might have been swapped from an API instance to a source instance
     @formula = previously_fetched_formula if previously_fetched_formula
@@ -218,6 +219,7 @@ class FormulaInstaller
     end
 
     Tab.clear_cache
+
     verify_deps_exist unless ignore_deps?
     forbidden_license_check
 
@@ -518,6 +520,9 @@ on_request: installed_on_request?, options: options)
   def compute_dependencies(use_cache: true)
     @compute_dependencies = nil unless use_cache
     @compute_dependencies ||= begin
+      # Needs to be done before expand_dependencies
+      fetch_bottle_tab if pour_bottle?
+
       check_requirements(expand_requirements)
       expand_dependencies
     end
@@ -610,9 +615,11 @@ on_request: installed_on_request?, options: options)
       keep_build_test ||= dep.build? && !install_bottle_for?(dependent, build) &&
                           (formula.head? || !dependent.latest_version_installed?)
 
+      bottle_runtime_version = @bottle_tab_runtime_dependencies.dig(dep.name, "version")
+
       if dep.prune_from_option?(build) || ((dep.build? || dep.test?) && !keep_build_test)
         Dependency.prune
-      elsif dep.satisfied?(inherited_options[dep.name])
+      elsif dep.satisfied?(inherited_options[dep.name], minimum_version: bottle_runtime_version)
         Dependency.skip
       end
     end
@@ -1197,6 +1204,20 @@ on_request: installed_on_request?, options: options)
     end
   end
 
+  sig { void }
+  def fetch_bottle_tab
+    @fetch_bottle_tab ||= begin
+      formula.fetch_bottle_tab
+      @bottle_tab_runtime_dependencies = formula.bottle_tab_attributes
+                                                .fetch("runtime_dependencies", [])
+                                                .index_by { |dep| dep["full_name"] }
+                                                .freeze
+      true
+    rescue DownloadError
+      @fetch_bottle_tab = true
+    end
+  end
+
   sig { void }
   def fetch
     return if previously_fetched_formula
@@ -1208,7 +1229,7 @@ on_request: installed_on_request?, options: options)
     oh1 "Fetching #{Formatter.identifier(formula.full_name)}".strip
 
     if pour_bottle?(output_warning: true)
-      formula.fetch_bottle_tab
+      fetch_bottle_tab
     else
       @formula = Homebrew::API::Formula.source_download(formula) if formula.loaded_from_api?