BREW(1)

NAME
brew - The Missing Package Manager for macOS (or Linux)

SYNOPSIS
brew --version
brew command [--verbose|-v] [options] [formula] ...

DESCRIPTION
Homebrew is the easiest and most flexible way to install the UNIX tools Apple didn't include with macOS. It can also install software not packaged for your Linux distribution to your home directory without requiring sudo.

ESSENTIAL COMMANDS
For the full command list, see the COMMANDS section.

With --verbose or --debug, many commands print extra debugging information. Note that these options should only appear after a command.

  install formula
Install formula.

formula is usually the name of the formula to install, but it has other syntaxes which are listed in the SPECIFYING FORMULAE section.

  uninstall formula
Uninstall formula.

  list
List all installed formulae.

  search [text|/text/]
Perform a substring search of cask tokens and formula names for text. If text is flanked by slashes, it is interpreted as a regular expression. The search for text is extended online to homebrew/core and homebrew/cask. If no search term is provided, all locally available formulae are listed.

COMMANDS

  analytics [subcommand]
Control Homebrew's anonymous aggregate user behaviour analytics. Read more at https://docs.brew.sh/Analytics.

brew analytics [state]
    Display the current state of Homebrew's analytics.

brew analytics (on|off)
    Turn Homebrew's analytics on or off respectively.

brew analytics regenerate-uuid
    Regenerate the UUID used for Homebrew's analytics.

  autoremove [options]
Uninstall formulae that were only installed as a dependency of another formula and are now no longer needed.

-n, --dry-run
    List what would be uninstalled, but do not actually uninstall anything.

  cask command [options] [cask]
Homebrew Cask provides a friendly CLI workflow for the administration of macOS applications distributed as binaries.

Commands:

audit
    Check cask for Homebrew coding style violations.

cat
    Dump raw source of a cask to the standard output.

create
    Creates the given cask and opens it in an editor.

edit
    Open the given cask for editing.

fetch
    Downloads remote application files to local cache.

help
    Print help for cask commands.

info
    Displays information about the given cask.

install
    Installs the given cask.

style
    Checks style of the given cask using RuboCop.

uninstall
    Uninstalls the given cask.

zap
    Zaps all files associated with the given cask.

See also: man brew

  cleanup [options] [formula|cask]
Remove stale lock files and outdated downloads for all formulae and casks, and remove old versions of installed formulae. If arguments are specified, only do this for the given formulae and casks. Removes all downloads more than 120 days old. This can be adjusted with HOMEBREW_CLEANUP_MAX_AGE_DAYS.

--prune
    Remove all cache files older than specified days.

-n, --dry-run
    Show what would be removed, but do not actually remove anything.

-s  Scrub the cache, including downloads for even the latest versions. Note downloads for any installed formulae or casks will still not be deleted. If you want to delete those too: rm -rf "$(brew --cache)"

--prune-prefix
    Only prune the symlinks and directories from the prefix and remove no other files.

  commands [options]
Show lists of built-in and external commands.

-q, --quiet
    List only the names of commands without category headers.

--include-aliases
    Include aliases of internal commands.

  config
Show Homebrew and system configuration info useful for debugging. If you file a bug report, you will be required to provide this information.

  deps [options] [formula]
Show dependencies for formula. Additional options specific to formula may be appended to the command. When given multiple formula arguments, show the intersection of dependencies for each formula.

-n  Sort dependencies in topological order.

--1 Only show dependencies one level down, instead of recursing.

--union
    Show the union of dependencies for multiple formula, instead of the intersection.

--full-name
    List dependencies by their full name.

--include-build
    Include :build dependencies for formula.

--include-optional
    Include :optional dependencies for formula.

--include-test
    Include :test dependencies for formula (non-recursive).

--skip-recommended
    Skip :recommended dependencies for formula.

--include-requirements
    Include requirements in addition to dependencies for formula.

--tree
    Show dependencies as a tree. When given multiple formula arguments, show individual trees for each formula.

--annotate
    Mark any build, test, optional, or recommended dependencies as such in the output.

--installed
    List dependencies for formulae that are currently installed. If formula is specified, list only its dependencies that are currently installed.

--all
    List dependencies for all available formulae.

--for-each
    Switch into the mode used by the --all option, but only list dependencies for each provided formula, one formula per line. This is used for debugging the --installed/--all display mode.

  desc [options] (text|/text/|formula)
Display formula's name and one-line description. Formula descriptions are cached; the cache is created on the first search, making that search slower than subsequent ones.

-s, --search
    Search both names and descriptions for text. If text is flanked by slashes, it is interpreted as a regular expression.

-n, --name
    Search just names for text. If text is flanked by slashes, it is interpreted as a regular expression.

-d, --description
    Search just descriptions for text. If text is flanked by slashes, it is interpreted as a regular expression.

  doctor [options]
Check your system for potential problems. Will exit with a non-zero status if any potential problems are found. Please note that these warnings are just used to help the Homebrew maintainers with debugging if you file an issue. If everything you use Homebrew for is working fine: please don't worry or file an issue; just ignore this.

--list-checks
    List all audit methods, which can be run individually if provided as arguments.

-D, --audit-debug
    Enable debugging and profiling of audit methods.

  fetch [options] formula
Download a bottle (if available) or source packages for formulae and binaries for casks. For files, also print SHA-256 checksums.

--HEAD
    Fetch HEAD version instead of stable version.

--devel
    Fetch development version instead of stable version.

-f, --force
    Remove a previously cached version and re-fetch.

-v, --verbose
    Do a verbose VCS checkout, if the URL represents a VCS. This is useful for seeing if an existing VCS cache has been updated.

--retry
    Retry if downloading fails or re-download if the checksum of a previously cached version no longer matches.

--deps
    Also download dependencies for any listed formula.

-s, --build-from-source
    Download source packages rather than a bottle.

--build-bottle
    Download source packages (for eventual bottling) rather than a bottle.

--force-bottle
    Download a bottle if it exists for the current or newest version of macOS, even if it would not be used during installation.

--[no-]quarantine
    Disable/enable quarantining of downloads (default: enabled).

--formula
    Treat all named arguments as formulae.

--cask
    Treat all named arguments as casks.

  formulae
List all locally installable formulae including short names.

  gist-logs [options] formula
Upload logs for a failed build of formula to a new Gist. Presents an error message if no logs are found.

--with-hostname
    Include the hostname in the Gist.

-n, --new-issue
    Automatically create a new issue in the appropriate GitHub repository after creating the Gist.

-p, --private
    The Gist will be marked private and will not appear in listings but will be accessible with its link.

  home [formula]
Open formula's homepage in a browser, or open Homebrew's own homepage if no formula is provided.

  info [options] [formula|cask]
Display brief statistics for your Homebrew installation.

If a formula or cask is provided, show summary of information about it.

--analytics
    List global Homebrew analytics data or, if specified, installation and build error data for formula (provided neither HOMEBREW_NO_ANALYTICS nor HOMEBREW_NO_GITHUB_API are set).

--days
    How many days of analytics data to retrieve. The value for days must be 30, 90 or 365. The default is 30.

--category
    Which type of analytics data to retrieve. The value for category must be install, install-on-request or build-error; cask-install or os-version may be specified if formula is not. The default is install.

--github
    Open the GitHub source page for formula in a browser. To view formula history locally: brew log -p formula

--json
    Print a JSON representation of formula. Currently the default and only accepted value for version is v1. See the docs for examples of using the JSON output: https://docs.brew.sh/Querying-Brew

--installed
    Print JSON of formulae that are currently installed.

--all
    Print JSON of all available formulae.

-v, --verbose
    Show more verbose analytics data for formula.

--formula
    Treat all named arguments as formulae.

--cask
    Treat all named arguments as casks.

  install [options] formula|cask
Install a formula or cask. Additional options specific to a formula may be appended to the command.

Unless HOMEBREW_NO_INSTALL_CLEANUP is set, brew cleanup will then be run for the installed formulae or, every 30 days, for all formulae.

-d, --debug
    If brewing fails, open an interactive debugging session with access to IRB or a shell inside the temporary build directory.

-f, --force
    Install formulae without checking for previously installed keg-only or non-migrated versions. Overwrite existing files when installing casks.

-v, --verbose
    Print the verification and postinstall steps.

--formula
    Treat all named arguments as formulae.

--env
    If std is passed, use the standard build environment instead of superenv. If super is passed, use superenv even if the formula specifies the standard build environment.

--ignore-dependencies
    An unsupported Homebrew development flag to skip installing any dependencies of any kind. If the dependencies are not already present, the formula will have issues. If you're not developing Homebrew, consider adjusting your PATH rather than using this flag.

--only-dependencies
    Install the dependencies with specified options but do not install the formula itself.

--cc
    Attempt to compile using the specified compiler, which should be the name of the compiler's executable, e.g. gcc-7 for GCC 7. In order to use LLVM's clang, specify llvm_clang. To use the Apple-provided clang, specify clang. This option will only accept compilers that are provided by Homebrew or bundled with macOS. Please do not file issues if you encounter errors while using this option.

-s, --build-from-source
    Compile formula from source even if a bottle is provided. Dependencies will still be installed from bottles if they are available.

--force-bottle
    Install from a bottle if it exists for the current or newest version of macOS, even if it would not normally be used for installation.

--include-test
    Install testing dependencies required to run brew test formula.

--HEAD
    If formula defines it, install the HEAD version, aka. master, trunk, unstable.

--fetch-HEAD
    Fetch the upstream repository to detect if the HEAD installation of the formula is outdated. Otherwise, the repository's HEAD will only be checked for updates when a new stable or development version has been released.

--keep-tmp
    Retain the temporary files created during installation.

--build-bottle
    Prepare the formula for eventual bottling during installation, skipping any post-install steps.

--bottle-arch
    Optimise bottles for the specified architecture rather than the oldest architecture supported by the version of macOS the bottles are built on.

--display-times
    Print install times for each formula at the end of the run.

-i, --interactive
    Download and patch formula, then open a shell. This allows the user to run ./configure --help and otherwise determine how to turn the software package into a Homebrew package.

-g, --git
    Create a Git repository, useful for creating patches to the software.

--cask
    Treat all named arguments as casks.

--[no-]binaries
    Disable/enable linking of helper executables (default: enabled).

--require-sha
    Require all casks to have a checksum.

--[no-]quarantine
    Disable/enable quarantining of downloads (default: enabled).

--skip-cask-deps
    Skip installing cask dependencies.

  leaves
List installed formulae that are not dependencies of another installed formula.

  link, ln [options] formula
Symlink all of formula's installed files into Homebrew's prefix. This is done automatically when you install formulae but can be useful for DIY installations.

--overwrite
    Delete files that already exist in the prefix while linking.

-n, --dry-run
    List files which would be linked or deleted by brew link --overwrite without actually linking or deleting any files.

-f, --force
    Allow keg-only formulae to be linked.

  list, ls [options] [formula|cask]
List all installed formulae and casks.

If formula is provided, summarise the paths within its current keg.

--formula
    List only formulae. This is the default when output is not to a terminal.

--cask
    List only casks, or cask if provided.

--unbrewed
    List files in Homebrew's prefix not installed by Homebrew.

--full-name
    Print formulae with fully-qualified names. If --full-name is not passed, other options (i.e. -1, -l, -r and -t) are passed to ls(1) which produces the actual output.

--versions
    Show the version number for installed formulae, or only the specified formulae if formula are provided.

--multiple
    Only show formulae with multiple versions installed.

--pinned
    Show the versions of pinned formulae, or only the specified (pinned) formulae if formula are provided. See also pin, unpin.

-1  Force output to be one entry per line. This is the default when output is not to a terminal.

-l  List formulae in long format. If the output is to a terminal, a total sum for all the file sizes is printed before the long listing.

-r  Reverse the order of the formulae sort to list the oldest entries first.

-t  Sort formulae by time modified, listing most recently modified first.

  log [options] [formula]
Show the git log for formula, or show the log for the Homebrew repository if no formula is provided.

-p, --patch
    Also print patch from commit.

--stat
    Also print diffstat from commit.

--oneline
    Print only one line per commit.

-1  Print only one commit.

-n, --max-count
    Print only a specified number of commits.

  migrate [options] formula
Migrate renamed packages to new names, where formula are old names of packages.

-f, --force
    Treat installed formula and provided formula as if they are from the same taps and migrate them anyway.

  missing [options] [formula]
Check the given formula kegs for missing dependencies. If no formula are provided, check all kegs. Will exit with a non-zero status if any kegs are found to be missing dependencies.

--hide
    Act as if none of the specified hidden are installed. hidden should be a comma-separated list of formulae.

  options [options] [formula]
Show install options specific to formula.

--compact
    Show all options on a single line separated by spaces.

--installed
    Show options for formulae that are currently installed.

--all
    Show options for all available formulae.

--command
    Show options for the specified command.

  outdated [options] [formula|cask]
List installed casks and formulae that have an updated version available. By default, version information is displayed in interactive shells, and suppressed otherwise.

-q, --quiet
    List only the names of outdated kegs (takes precedence over --verbose).

-v, --verbose
    Include detailed version information.

--formula
    List only outdated formulae.

--cask
    List only outdated casks.

--json
    Print output in JSON format. There are two versions: v1 and v2. v1 is deprecated and is currently the default if no version is specified. v2 prints outdated formulae and casks.

--fetch-HEAD
    Fetch the upstream repository to detect if the HEAD installation of the formula is outdated. Otherwise, the repository's HEAD will only be checked for updates when a new stable or development version has been released.

--greedy
    Print outdated casks with auto_updates or version :latest.

  pin formula
Pin the specified formula, preventing them from being upgraded when issuing the brew upgrade formula command. See also unpin.

  postinstall formula
Rerun the post-install steps for formula.

  readall [options] [tap]
Import all items from the specified tap, or from all installed taps if none is provided. This can be useful for debugging issues across all items when making significant changes to formula.rb, testing the performance of loading all items or checking if any current formulae/casks have Ruby issues.

--aliases
    Verify any alias symlinks in each tap.

--syntax
    Syntax-check all of Homebrew's Ruby files (if no <tap> is passed).

  reinstall [options] formula|cask
Uninstall and then reinstall a formula or cask using the same options it was originally installed with, plus any appended options specific to a formula.

Unless HOMEBREW_NO_INSTALL_CLEANUP is set, brew cleanup will then be run for the reinstalled formulae or, every 30 days, for all formulae.

-d, --debug
    If brewing fails, open an interactive debugging session with access to IRB or a shell inside the temporary build directory.

-f, --force
    Install without checking for previously installed keg-only or non-migrated versions.

-v, --verbose
    Print the verification and postinstall steps.

--formula
    Treat all named arguments as formulae.

-s, --build-from-source
    Compile formula from source even if a bottle is available.

-i, --interactive
    Download and patch formula, then open a shell. This allows the user to run ./configure --help and otherwise determine how to turn the software package into a Homebrew package.

--force-bottle
    Install from a bottle if it exists for the current or newest version of macOS, even if it would not normally be used for installation.

--keep-tmp
    Retain the temporary files created during installation.

--display-times
    Print install times for each formula at the end of the run.

--cask
    Treat all named arguments as casks.

--[no-]binaries
    Disable/enable linking of helper executables (default: enabled).

--require-sha
    Require all casks to have a checksum.

--[no-]quarantine
    Disable/enable quarantining of downloads (default: enabled).

--skip-cask-deps
    Skip installing cask dependencies.

  search [options] [text|/text/]
Perform a substring search of cask tokens and formula names for text. If text is flanked by slashes, it is interpreted as a regular expression. The search for text is extended online to homebrew/core and homebrew/cask.

If no text is provided, list all locally available formulae (including tapped ones). No online search is performed.

--formula
    Without text, list all locally available formulae (no online search is performed). With text, search online and locally for formulae.

--cask
    Without text, list all locally available casks (including tapped ones, no online search is performed). With text, search online and locally for casks.

--desc
    Search for formulae with a description matching text and casks with a name matching text.

--pull-request
    Search for GitHub pull requests containing text.

--macports
    Search for text in the given package manager's list.

--fink
    Search for text in the given package manager's list.

--opensuse
    Search for text in the given package manager's list.

--fedora
    Search for text in the given package manager's list.

--debian
    Search for text in the given package manager's list.

--ubuntu
    Search for text in the given package manager's list.

  shellenv
Print export statements. When run in a shell, this installation of Homebrew will be added to your PATH, MANPATH, and INFOPATH.

The variables HOMEBREW_PREFIX, HOMEBREW_CELLAR and HOMEBREW_REPOSITORY are also exported to avoid querying them multiple times. Consider adding evaluation of this command's output to your dotfiles (e.g. ~/.profile, ~/.bash_profile, or ~/.zprofile) with: eval $(brew shellenv)

  tap [options] [user/repo] [URL]
Tap a formula repository.

If no arguments are provided, list all installed taps.

With URL unspecified, tap a formula repository from GitHub using HTTPS. Since so many taps are hosted on GitHub, this command is a shortcut for brew tap user/repo https://github.com/user/homebrew-repo.

With URL specified, tap a formula repository from anywhere, using any transport protocol that git(1) handles. The one-argument form of tap simplifies but also limits. This two-argument command makes no assumptions, so taps can be cloned from places other than GitHub and using protocols other than HTTPS, e.g. SSH, git, HTTP, FTP(S), rsync.

--full
    Convert a shallow clone to a full clone without untapping. Taps are only cloned as shallow clones if --shallow was originally passed.

--shallow
    Fetch tap as a shallow clone rather than a full clone. Useful for continuous integration.

--force-auto-update
    Auto-update tap even if it is not hosted on GitHub. By default, only taps hosted on GitHub are auto-updated (for performance reasons).

--repair
    Migrate tapped formulae from symlink-based to directory-based structure.

--list-pinned
    List all pinned taps.

  tap-info [options] [tap]
Show detailed information about one or more taps.

If no tap names are provided, display brief statistics for all installed taps.

--installed
    Show information on each installed tap.

--json
    Print a JSON representation of tap. Currently the default and only accepted value for version is v1. See the docs for examples of using the JSON output: https://docs.brew.sh/Querying-Brew

  uninstall, rm, remove [options] formula|cask
Uninstall a formula or cask.

-f, --force
    Delete all installed versions of formula. Uninstall even if cask is not installed, overwrite existing files and ignore errors when removing files.

--zap
    Remove all files associated with a cask. May remove files which are shared between applications.

--ignore-dependencies
    Don't fail uninstall, even if formula is a dependency of any installed formulae.

--formula
    Treat all named arguments as formulae.

--cask
    Treat all named arguments as casks.

  unlink [options] formula
Remove symlinks for formula from Homebrew's prefix. This can be useful for temporarily disabling a formula: brew unlink formula && commands && brew link formula

-n, --dry-run
    List files which would be unlinked without actually unlinking or deleting any files.

  unpin formula
Unpin formula, allowing them to be upgraded by brew upgrade formula. See also pin.

  untap tap
Remove a tapped formula repository.

  update [options]
Fetch the newest version of Homebrew and all formulae from GitHub using git(1) and perform any necessary migrations.

--merge
    Use git merge to apply updates (rather than git rebase).

--preinstall
    Run on auto-updates (e.g. before brew install). Skips some slower steps.

-f, --force
    Always do a slower, full update check (even if unnecessary).

  update-reset [repository]
Fetch and reset Homebrew and all tap repositories (or any specified repository) using git(1) to their latest origin/master.

Note: this will destroy all your uncommitted or committed changes.

  upgrade [options] [formula|cask]
Upgrade outdated casks and outdated, unpinned formulae using the same options they were originally installed with, plus any appended brew formula options. If cask or formula are specified, upgrade only the given cask or formula kegs (unless they are pinned; see pin, unpin).

Unless HOMEBREW_NO_INSTALL_CLEANUP is set, brew cleanup will then be run for the upgraded formulae or, every 30 days, for all formulae.

-d, --debug
    If brewing fails, open an interactive debugging session with access to IRB or a shell inside the temporary build directory.

-f, --force
    Install formulae without checking for previously installed keg-only or non-migrated versions. Overwrite existing files when installing casks.

-v, --verbose
    Print the verification and postinstall steps.

-n, --dry-run
    Show what would be upgraded, but do not actually upgrade anything.

--formula
    Treat all named arguments as formulae. If no named argumentsare specified, upgrade only outdated formulae.

-s, --build-from-source
    Compile formula from source even if a bottle is available.

-i, --interactive
    Download and patch formula, then open a shell. This allows the user to run ./configure --help and otherwise determine how to turn the software package into a Homebrew package.

--force-bottle
    Install from a bottle if it exists for the current or newest version of macOS, even if it would not normally be used for installation.

--fetch-HEAD
    Fetch the upstream repository to detect if the HEAD installation of the formula is outdated. Otherwise, the repository's HEAD will only be checked for updates when a new stable or development version has been released.

--ignore-pinned
    Set a successful exit status even if pinned formulae are not upgraded.

--keep-tmp
    Retain the temporary files created during installation.

--display-times
    Print install times for each formula at the end of the run.

--cask
    Treat all named arguments as casks. If no named arguments are specified, upgrade only outdated casks.

--[no-]binaries
    Disable/enable linking of helper executables (default: enabled).

--require-sha
    Require all casks to have a checksum.

--[no-]quarantine
    Disable/enable quarantining of downloads (default: enabled).

--skip-cask-deps
    Skip installing cask dependencies.

--greedy
    Also include casks with auto_updates true or version :latest.

  uses [options] formula
Show formulae that specify formula as a dependency (i.e. show dependents of formula). When given multiple formula arguments, show the intersection of formulae that use formula. By default, uses shows all formulae that specify formula as a required or recommended dependency for their stable builds.

--recursive
    Resolve more than one level of dependencies.

--installed
    Only list formulae that are currently installed.

--include-build
    Include all formulae that specify formula as :build type dependency.

--include-test
    Include all formulae that specify formula as :test type dependency.

--include-optional
    Include all formulae that specify formula as :optional type dependency.

--skip-recommended
    Skip all formulae that specify formula as :recommended type dependency.

  --cache [options] [formula|cask]
Display Homebrew's download cache. See also HOMEBREW_CACHE.

If formula is provided, display the file or directory used to cache formula.

-s, --build-from-source
    Show the cache file used when building from source.

--force-bottle
    Show the cache file used when pouring a bottle.

--formula
    Only show cache files for formulae.

--cask
    Only show cache files for casks.

  --caskroom [cask]
Display Homebrew's Caskroom path.

If cask is provided, display the location in the Caskroom where cask would be installed, without any sort of versioned directory as the last path.

  --cellar [formula]
Display Homebrew's Cellar path. Default: $(brew --prefix)/Cellar, or if that directory doesn't exist, $(brew --repository)/Cellar.

If formula is provided, display the location in the Cellar where formula would be installed, without any sort of versioned directory as the last path.

  --env [options] [formula]
Summarise Homebrew's build environment as a plain list.

If the command's output is sent through a pipe and no shell is specified, the list is formatted for export to bash(1) unless --plain is passed.

--shell
    Generate a list of environment variables for the specified shell, or --shell=auto to detect the current shell.

--plain
    Generate plain output even when piped.

  --prefix [formula]
Display Homebrew's install path. Default: /usr/local on macOS and /home/linuxbrew/.linuxbrew on Linux.

If formula is provided, display the location in the Cellar where formula is or would be installed.

  --repository, --repo [user/repo]
Display where Homebrew's .git directory is located.

If user/repo are provided, display where tap user/repo's directory is located.

  --version
Print the version numbers of Homebrew, Homebrew/homebrew-core and Homebrew/homebrew-cask (if tapped) to standard output.

DEVELOPER COMMANDS

  audit [options] [formula|cask]
Check formula for Homebrew coding style violations. This should be run before submitting a new formula or cask. If no formula|cask are provided, check all locally available formulae and casks and skip style checks. Will exit with a non-zero status if any errors are found.

--strict
    Run additional, stricter style checks.

--git
    Run additional, slower style checks that navigate the Git repository.

--online
    Run additional, slower style checks that require a network connection.

--new
    Run various additional style checks to determine if a new formula or cask is eligible for Homebrew. This should be used when creating new formula and implies --strict and --online.

--tap
    Check the formulae within the given tap, specified as user/repo.

--fix
    Fix style violations automatically using RuboCop's auto-correct feature.

--display-cop-names
    Include the RuboCop cop name for each violation in the output.

--display-filename
    Prefix every line of output with the file or formula name being audited, to make output easy to grep.

--skip-style
    Skip running non-RuboCop style checks. Useful if you plan on running brew style separately. Enabled by default unless a formula is specified by name.

-D, --audit-debug
    Enable debugging and profiling of audit methods.

--only
    Specify a comma-separated method list to only run the methods named audit_method.

--except
    Specify a comma-separated method list to skip running the methods named audit_method.

--only-cops
    Specify a comma-separated cops list to check for violations of only the listed RuboCop cops.

--except-cops
    Specify a comma-separated cops list to skip checking for violations of the listed RuboCop cops.

--formula
    Treat all named arguments as formulae.

--cask
    Treat all named arguments as casks.

--[no-]appcast
    Audit the appcast

--token-conflicts
    Audit for token conflicts

  bottle [options] formula
Generate a bottle (binary package) from a formula that was installed with --build-bottle. If the formula specifies a rebuild version, it will be incremented in the generated DSL. Passing --keep-old will attempt to keep it at its original value, while --no-rebuild will remove it.

--skip-relocation
    Do not check if the bottle can be marked as relocatable.

--force-core-tap
    Build a bottle even if formula is not in homebrew/core or any installed taps.

--no-rebuild
    If the formula specifies a rebuild version, remove it from the generated DSL.

--keep-old
    If the formula specifies a rebuild version, attempt to preserve its value in the generated DSL.

--json
    Write bottle information to a JSON file, which can be used as the value for --merge.

--merge
    Generate an updated bottle block for a formula and optionally merge it into the formula file. Instead of a formula name, requires the path to a JSON file generated with brew bottle --json formula.

--write
    Write changes to the formula file. A new commit will be generated unless --no-commit is passed.

--no-commit
    When passed with --write, a new commit will not generated after writing changes to the formula file.

--root-url
    Use the specified URL as the root of the bottle's URL instead of Homebrew's default.

  bump [options] [formula]
Display out-of-date brew formulae and the latest version available. Also displays whether a pull request has been opened with the URL.

--limit
    Limit number of package results returned.

  bump-cask-pr [options] cask
Create a pull request to update cask with a new version.

A best effort to determine the SHA-256 will be made if the value is not supplied by the user.

-n, --dry-run
    Print what would be done rather than doing it.

--write
    Make the expected file modifications without taking any Git actions.

--commit
    When passed with --write, generate a new commit after writing changes to the cask file.

--no-audit
    Don't run brew cask audit before opening the PR.

--online
    Run brew cask audit --online before opening the PR.

--no-style
    Don't run brew cask style --fix before opening the PR.

--no-browse
    Print the pull request URL instead of opening in a browser.

--no-fork
    Don't try to fork the repository.

--version
    Specify the new version for the cask.

--message
    Append message to the default pull request message.

--url
    Specify the URL for the new download.

--sha256
    Specify the SHA-256 checksum of the new download.

-f, --force
    Ignore duplicate open PRs.

  bump-formula-pr [options] [formula]
Create a pull request to update formula with a new URL or a new tag.

If a URL is specified, the SHA-256 checksum of the new download should also be specified. A best effort to determine the SHA-256 and formula name will be made if either or both values are not supplied by the user.

If a tag is specified, the Git commit revision corresponding to that tag should also be specified. A best effort to determine the revision will be made if the value is not supplied by the user.

If a version is specified, a best effort to determine the URL and SHA-256 or the tag and revision will be made if both values are not supplied by the user.

Note: this command cannot be used to transition a formula from a URL-and-SHA-256 style specification into a tag-and-revision style specification, nor vice versa. It must use whichever style specification the formula already uses.

-n, --dry-run
    Print what would be done rather than doing it.

--write
    Make the expected file modifications without taking any Git actions.

--commit
    When passed with --write, generate a new commit after writing changes to the formula file.

--no-audit
    Don't run brew audit before opening the PR.

--strict
    Run brew audit --strict before opening the PR.

--online
    Run brew audit --online before opening the PR.

--no-browse
    Print the pull request URL instead of opening in a browser.

--no-fork
    Don't try to fork the repository.

--mirror
    Use the specified URL as a mirror URL. If URL is a comma-separated list of URLs, multiple mirrors will be added.

--version
    Use the specified version to override the value parsed from the URL or tag. Note that --version=0 can be used to delete an existing version override from a formula if it has become redundant.

--message
    Append message to the default pull request message.

--url
    Specify the URL for the new download. If a URL is specified, the SHA-256 checksum of the new download should also be specified.

--sha256
    Specify the SHA-256 checksum of the new download.

--tag
    Specify the new git commit tag for the formula.

--revision
    Specify the new git commit revision corresponding to the specified tag.

-f, --force
    Ignore duplicate open PRs. Remove all mirrors if --mirror was not specified.

  bump-revision [options] formula [formula ...]
Create a commit to increment the revision of formula. If no revision is present, "revision 1" will be added.

-n, --dry-run
    Print what would be done rather than doing it.

--message
    Append message to the default commit message.

  cat formula|cask
Display the source of a formula or cask.

--formula
    Treat all named arguments as formulae.

--cask
    Treat all named arguments as casks.

  command cmd
Display the path to the file being used when invoking brew cmd.

  create [options] URL
Generate a formula for the downloadable file at URL and open it in the editor. Homebrew will attempt to automatically derive the formula name and version, but if it fails, you'll have to make your own template. The wget formula serves as a simple example. For the complete API, see: https://rubydoc.brew.sh/Formula

--autotools
    Create a basic template for an Autotools-style build.

--cmake
    Create a basic template for a CMake-style build.

--crystal
    Create a basic template for a Crystal build.

--go
    Create a basic template for a Go build.

--meson
    Create a basic template for a Meson-style build.

--node
    Create a basic template for a Node build.

--perl
    Create a basic template for a Perl build.

--python
    Create a basic template for a Python build.

--ruby
    Create a basic template for a Ruby build.

--rust
    Create a basic template for a Rust build.

--no-fetch
    Homebrew will not download URL to the cache and will thus not add its SHA-256 to the formula for you, nor will it check the GitHub API for GitHub projects (to fill out its description and homepage).

--HEAD
    Indicate that URL points to the package's repository rather than a file.

--set-name
    Explicitly set the name of the new formula.

--set-version
    Explicitly set the version of the new formula.

--set-license
    Explicitly set the license of the new formula.

--tap
    Generate the new formula within the given tap, specified as user/repo.

-f, --force
    Ignore errors for disallowed formula names and names that shadow aliases.

  dispatch-build-bottle [options] formula [formula ...]
Build bottles for these formulae with GitHub Actions.

--tap
    Target tap repository (default: homebrew/core).

--issue
    If specified, post a comment to this issue number if the job fails.

--macos
    Version of macOS the bottle should be built for.

--workflow
    Dispatch specified workflow (default: dispatch-build-bottle.yml).

--upload
    Upload built bottles to Bintray.

  diy [options]
Automatically determine the installation prefix for non-Homebrew software. Using the output from this command, you can install your own software into the Cellar and then link it into Homebrew's prefix with brew link.

--name
    Explicitly set the name of the package being installed.

--version
    Explicitly set the version of the package being installed.

  edit [formula|cask]
Open a formula or cask in the editor set by EDITOR or HOMEBREW_EDITOR, or open the Homebrew repository for editing if no formula is provided.

--formula
    Treat all named arguments as formulae.

--cask
    Treat all named arguments as casks.

  extract [options] formula tap
Look through repository history to find the most recent version of formula and create a copy in tap/Formula/formula@version.rb. If the tap is not installed yet, attempt to install/clone the tap before continuing. To extract a formula from a tap that is not homebrew/core use its fully-qualified form of user/repo/formula.

--version
    Extract the specified version of formula instead of the most recent.

-f, --force
    Overwrite the destination formula if it already exists.

  formula formula
Display the path where formula is located.

  install-bundler-gems
Install Homebrew's Bundler gems.

  irb [options]
Enter the interactive Homebrew Ruby shell.

--examples
    Show several examples.

--pry
    Use Pry instead of IRB. Implied if HOMEBREW_PRY is set.

  linkage [options] [formula]
Check the library links from the given formula kegs. If no formula are provided, check all kegs. Raises an error if run on uninstalled formulae.

--test
    Show only missing libraries and exit with a non-zero status if any missing libraries are found.

--reverse
    For every library that a keg references, print its dylib path followed by the binaries that link to it.

--cached
    Print the cached linkage values stored in HOMEBREW_CACHE, set by a previous brew linkage run.

  livecheck [formulae]
Check for newer versions of formulae from upstream.

If no formula argument is passed, the list of formulae to check is taken from HOMEBREW_LIVECHECK_WATCHLIST or ~/.brew_livecheck_watchlist.

--full-name
    Print formulae with fully-qualified names.

--tap
    Check formulae within the given tap, specified as user/repo.

--all
    Check all available formulae.

--installed
    Check formulae that are currently installed.

--newer-only
    Show the latest version only if it's newer than the formula.

--json
    Output information in JSON format.

-q, --quiet
    Suppress warnings, don't print a progress bar for JSON output.

  man [options]
Generate Homebrew's manpages.

--fail-if-changed
    Return a failing status code if changes are detected in the manpage outputs. This can be used to notify CI when the manpages are out of date. Additionally, the date used in new manpages will match those in the existing manpages (to allow comparison without factoring in the date).

--link
    This is now done automatically by brew update.

  pr-automerge [options]
Find pull requests that can be automatically merged using brew pr-publish.

--tap
    Target tap repository (default: homebrew/core).

--with-label
    Pull requests must have this label.

--without-labels
    Pull requests must not have these labels (default: do not merge, new formula, automerge-skip, linux-only).

--without-approval
    Pull requests do not require approval to be merged.

--publish
    Run brew pr-publish on matching pull requests.

--autosquash
    Instruct brew pr-publish to automatically reformat and reword commits in the pull request to our preferred format.

--ignore-failures
    Include pull requests that have failing status checks.

  pr-publish [options] pull_request [pull_request ...]
Publish bottles for a pull request with GitHub Actions. Requires write access to the repository.

--autosquash
    If supported on the target tap, automatically reformat and reword commits in the pull request to our preferred format.

--message
    Message to include when autosquashing revision bumps, deletions, and rebuilds.

--tap
    Target tap repository (default: homebrew/core).

--workflow
    Target workflow filename (default: publish-commit-bottles.yml).

  pr-pull [options] pull_request [pull_request ...]
Download and publish bottles, and apply the bottle commit from a pull request with artifacts generated by GitHub Actions. Requires write access to the repository.

--no-publish
    Download the bottles, apply the bottle commit and upload the bottles to Bintray, but don't publish them.

--no-upload
    Download the bottles and apply the bottle commit, but don't upload to Bintray or GitHub Releases.

-n, --dry-run
    Print what would be done rather than doing it.

--clean
    Do not amend the commits from pull requests.

--keep-old
    If the formula specifies a rebuild version, attempt to preserve its value in the generated DSL.

--autosquash
    Automatically reformat and reword commits in the pull request to our preferred format.

--branch-okay
    Do not warn if pulling to a branch besides the repository default (useful for testing).

--resolve
    When a patch fails to apply, leave in progress and allow user to resolve, instead of aborting.

--warn-on-upload-failure
    Warn instead of raising an error if the bottle upload fails. Useful for repairing bottle uploads that previously failed.

--message
    Message to include when autosquashing revision bumps, deletions, and rebuilds.

--workflow
    Retrieve artifacts from the specified workflow (default: tests.yml).

--artifact
    Download artifacts with the specified name (default: bottles).

--bintray-org
    Upload to the specified Bintray organisation (default: homebrew).

--tap
    Target tap repository (default: homebrew/core).

--root-url
    Use the specified URL as the root of the bottle's URL instead of Homebrew's default.

--bintray-mirror
    Use the specified Bintray repository to automatically mirror stable URLs defined in the formulae (default: mirror).

  pr-upload [options]
Apply the bottle commit and publish bottles to Bintray or GitHub Releases.

--no-publish
    Apply the bottle commit and upload the bottles, but don't publish them.

--keep-old
    If the formula specifies a rebuild version, attempt to preserve its value in the generated DSL.

-n, --dry-run
    Print what would be done rather than doing it.

--no-commit
    Do not generate a new commit before uploading.

--warn-on-upload-failure
    Warn instead of raising an error if the bottle upload fails. Useful for repairing bottle uploads that previously failed.

--bintray-org
    Upload to the specified Bintray organisation (default: homebrew).

--root-url
    Use the specified URL as the root of the bottle's URL instead of Homebrew's default.

  prof [command]
Run Homebrew with a Ruby profiler, e.g. brew prof readall.

--stackprof
    Use stackprof instead of ruby-prof (the default).

  release-notes [options] [previous_tag] [end_ref]
Print the merged pull requests on Homebrew/brew between two Git refs. If no previous_tag is provided it defaults to the latest tag. If no end_ref is provided it defaults to origin/master.

--markdown
    Print as a Markdown list.

  ruby (-e text|file)
Run a Ruby instance with Homebrew's libraries loaded, e.g. brew ruby -e "puts :gcc.f.deps" or brew ruby script.rb.

-r  Load a library using require.

-e  Execute the given text string as a script.

  sh [options] [file]
Homebrew build environment that uses years-battle-hardened build logic to help your ./configure && make && make install and even your gem install succeed. Especially handy if you run Homebrew in an Xcode-only configuration since it adds tools like make to your PATH which build systems would not find otherwise.

--env
    Use the standard PATH instead of superenv's when std is passed.

-c, --cmd
    Execute commands in a non-interactive shell.

  sponsors
Print a Markdown summary of Homebrew's GitHub Sponsors, suitable for pasting into a README.

  style [options] [file|tap|formula]
Check formulae or files for conformance to Homebrew style guidelines.

Lists of file, tap and formula may not be combined. If none are provided, style will run style checks on the whole Homebrew library, including core code and all formulae.

--fix
    Fix style violations automatically using RuboCop's auto-correct feature.

--display-cop-names
    Include the RuboCop cop name for each violation in the output.

--only-cops
    Specify a comma-separated cops list to check for violations of only the listed RuboCop cops.

--except-cops
    Specify a comma-separated cops list to skip checking for violations of the listed RuboCop cops.

  tap-new [options] user/repo
Generate the template files for a new tap.

--no-git
    Don't initialize a Git repository for the tap.

--pull-label
    Label name for pull requests ready to be pulled (default: pr-pull).

--branch
    Initialize Git repository with the specified branch name (default: main).

  test [options] formula
Run the test method provided by an installed formula. There is no standard output or return code, but generally it should notify the user if something is wrong with the installed formula.

Example: brew install jruby && brew test jruby

--devel
    Test the development version of a formula.

--HEAD
    Test the head version of a formula.

--keep-tmp
    Retain the temporary files created for the test.

--retry
    Retry if a testing fails.

  tests [options]
Run Homebrew's unit and integration tests.

--coverage
    Generate code coverage reports.

--generic
    Run only OS-agnostic tests.

--no-compat
    Do not load the compatibility layer when running tests.

--online
    Include tests that use the GitHub API and tests that use any of the taps for official external commands.

--byebug
    Enable debugging using byebug.

--only
    Run only test_script_spec.rb. Appending :line_number will start at a specific line.

--seed
    Randomise tests with the specified value instead of a random seed.

  typecheck
Check for typechecking errors using Sorbet.

--fix
    Automatically fix type errors.

-q, --quiet
    Silence all non-critical errors.

--update
    Update RBI files.

--fail-if-not-changed
    Return a failing status code if all gems are up to date and gem definitions do not need a tapioca update.

--dir
    Typecheck all files in a specific directory.

--file
    Typecheck a single file.

--ignore
    Ignores input files that contain the given string in their paths (relative to the input path passed to Sorbet).

  unpack [options] formula
Unpack the source files for formula into subdirectories of the current working directory.

--destdir
    Create subdirectories in the directory named by path instead.

--patch
    Patches for formula will be applied to the unpacked source.

-g, --git
    Initialise a Git repository in the unpacked source. This is useful for creating patches for the software.

-f, --force
    Overwrite the destination directory if it already exists.

  update-license-data [options]
Update SPDX license data in the Homebrew repository.

--fail-if-not-changed
    Return a failing status code if current license data's version is the same as the upstream. This can be used to notify CI when the SPDX license data is out of date.

  update-python-resources [options] formula
Update versions for PyPI resource blocks in formula.

-p, --print-only
    Print the updated resource blocks instead of changing formula.

-s, --silent
    Suppress any output.

--ignore-non-pypi-packages
    Don't fail if formula is not a PyPI package.

--version
    Use the specified version when finding resources for formula. If no version is specified, the current version for formula will be used.

  update-test [options]
Run a test of brew update with a new repository clone. If no options are passed, use origin/master as the start commit.

--to-tag
    Set HOMEBREW_UPDATE_TO_TAG to test updating between tags.

--keep-tmp
    Retain the temporary directory containing the new repository clone.

--commit
    Use the specified commit as the start commit.

--before
    Use the commit at the specified date as the start commit.

  vendor-gems
Install and commit Homebrew's vendored gems.

--update
    Update all vendored Gems to the latest version.

GLOBAL CASK OPTIONS
These options are applicable to subcommands accepting a --cask flag and all cask commands.

--appdir
    Target location for Applications (default: /Applications).

--colorpickerdir
    Target location for Color Pickers (default: ~/Library/ColorPickers).

--prefpanedir
    Target location for Preference Panes (default: ~/Library/PreferencePanes).

--qlplugindir
    Target location for QuickLook Plugins (default: ~/Library/QuickLook).

--mdimporterdir
    Target location for Spotlight Plugins (default: ~/Library/Spotlight).

--dictionarydir
    Target location for Dictionaries (default: ~/Library/Dictionaries).

--fontdir
    Target location for Fonts (default: ~/Library/Fonts).

--servicedir
    Target location for Services (default: ~/Library/Services).

--input_methoddir
    Target location for Input Methods (default: ~/Library/Input Methods).

--internet_plugindir
    Target location for Internet Plugins (default: ~/Library/Internet Plug-Ins).

--audio_unit_plugindir
    Target location for Audio Unit Plugins (default: ~/Library/Audio/Plug-Ins/Components).

--vst_plugindir
    Target location for VST Plugins (default: ~/Library/Audio/Plug-Ins/VST).

--vst3_plugindir
    Target location for VST3 Plugins (default: ~/Library/Audio/Plug-Ins/VST3).

--screen_saverdir
    Target location for Screen Savers (default: ~/Library/Screen Savers).

--language
    Comma-separated list of language codes to prefer for cask installation. The first matching language is used, otherwise it reverts to the cask's default language. The default value is the language of your system.

GLOBAL OPTIONS
These options are applicable across multiple subcommands.

-d, --debug
    Display any debugging information.

-q, --quiet
    Make some output more quiet.

-v, --verbose
    Make some output more verbose.

-h, --help
    Show this message.

OFFICIAL EXTERNAL COMMANDS

  bundle [subcommand]
Bundler for non-Ruby dependencies from Homebrew, Homebrew Cask, Mac App Store and Whalebrew.

brew bundle [install]
    Install and upgrade (by default) all dependencies from the Brewfile.

You can specify the Brewfile location using --file or by setting the HOMEBREW_BUNDLE_FILE environment variable.

You can skip the installation of dependencies by adding space-separated values to one or more of the following environment variables: HOMEBREW_BUNDLE_BREW_SKIP, HOMEBREW_BUNDLE_CASK_SKIP, HOMEBREW_BUNDLE_MAS_SKIP, HOMEBREW_BUNDLE_WHALEBREW_SKIP, HOMEBREW_BUNDLE_TAP_SKIP.

brew bundle will output a Brewfile.lock.json in the same directory as the Brewfile if all dependencies are installed successfully. This contains dependency and system status information which can be useful in debugging brew bundle failures and replicating a "last known good build" state. You can opt-out of this behaviour by setting the HOMEBREW_BUNDLE_NO_LOCK environment variable or passing the --no-lock option. You may wish to check this file into the same version control system as your Brewfile (or ensure your version control system ignores it if you'd prefer to rely on debugging information from a local machine).

brew bundle dump
    Write all installed casks/formulae/images/taps into a Brewfile in the current directory.

brew bundle cleanup
    Uninstall all dependencies not listed from the Brewfile.

This workflow is useful for maintainers or testers who regularly install lots of formulae.

brew bundle check
    Check if all dependencies are installed from the Brewfile.

This provides a successful exit code if everything is up-to-date, making it useful for scripting.

brew bundle list
    List all dependencies present in the Brewfile.

By default, only Homebrew dependencies are listed.

brew bundle exec command
    Run an external command in an isolated build environment based on the Brewfile dependencies.

This sanitized build environment ignores unrequested dependencies, which makes sure that things you didn't specify in your Brewfile won't get picked up by commands like bundle install, npm install, etc. It will also add compiler flags which will help find keg-only dependencies like openssl, icu4c, etc.

--file
    Read the Brewfile from this location. Use --file=- to pipe to stdin/stdout.

--global
    Read the Brewfile from ~/.Brewfile.

-v, --verbose
    install prints output from commands as they are run. check lists all missing dependencies.

--no-upgrade
    install won't run brew upgrade on outdated dependencies. Note they may still be upgraded by brew install if needed.

-f, --force
    dump overwrites an existing Brewfile. cleanup actually performs its cleanup operations.

--cleanup
    install performs cleanup operation, same as running cleanup --force.

--no-lock
    install won't output a Brewfile.lock.json.

--all
    list all dependencies.

--formula
    list Homebrew dependencies.

--cask
    list Homebrew Cask dependencies.

--tap
    list tap dependencies.

--mas
    list Mac App Store dependencies.

--whalebrew
    list Whalebrew dependencies.

--describe
    dump adds a description comment above each line, unless the dependency does not have a description.

--no-restart
    dump does not add restart_service to formula lines.

--zap
    cleanup casks using the zap command instead of uninstall.

  services [subcommand]
Manage background services with macOS' launchctl(1) daemon manager.

If sudo is passed, operate on /Library/LaunchDaemons (started at boot). Otherwise, operate on ~/Library/LaunchAgents (started at login).

[sudo] brew services [list]
    List all managed services for the current user (or root).

[sudo] brew services run (formula|--all)
    Run the service formula without registering to launch at login (or boot).

[sudo] brew services start (formula|--all)
    Start the service formula immediately and register it to launch at login (or boot).

[sudo] brew services stop (formula|--all)
    Stop the service formula immediately and unregister it from launching at login (or boot).

[sudo] brew services restart (formula|--all)
    Stop (if necessary) and start the service formula immediately and register it to launch at login (or boot).

[sudo] brew services cleanup
    Remove all unused services.

--all
    Run subcommand on all services.

  test-bot [options] [formula]
Tests the full lifecycle of a Homebrew change to a tap (Git repository). For example, for a GitHub Actions pull request that changes a formula brew test-bot will ensure the system is cleaned and set up to test the formula, install the formula, run various tests and checks on it, bottle (package) the binaries and test formulae that depend on it to ensure they aren't broken by these changes.

Only supports GitHub Actions as a CI provider. This is because Homebrew uses GitHub Actions and it's freely available for public and private use with macOS and Linux workers.

--dry-run
    Print what would be done rather than doing it.

--cleanup
    Clean all state from the Homebrew directory. Use with care!

--skip-setup
    Don't check if the local system is set up correctly.

--keep-old
    Run brew bottle --keep-old to build new bottles for a single platform.

--skip-relocation
    Run brew bottle --skip-relocation to build new bottles that don't require relocation.

--local
    Ask Homebrew to write verbose logs under ./logs/ and set $HOME to ./home/

--tap
    Use the Git repository of the given tap. Defaults to the core tap for syntax checking.

--fail-fast
    Immediately exit on a failing step.

-v, --verbose
    Print test step output in real time. Has the side effect of passing output as raw bytes instead of re-encoding in UTF-8.

--test-default-formula
    Use a default testing formula when not building a tap and no other formulae are specified.

--bintray-org
    Upload bottles to the given Bintray organisation.

--root-url
    Use the specified URL as the root of the bottle's URL instead of Homebrew's default.

--git-name
    Set the Git author/committer names to the given name.

--git-email
    Set the Git author/committer email to the given email.

--ci-upload
    Use the Homebrew CI bottle upload options.

--publish
    Publish the uploaded bottles.

--skip-recursive-dependents
    Only test the direct dependents.

--only-cleanup-before
    Only run the pre-cleanup step. Needs --cleanup.

--only-setup
    Only run the local system setup check step.

--only-tap-syntax
    Only run the tap syntax check step.

--only-formulae
    Only run the formulae steps.

--only-cleanup-after
    Only run the post-cleanup step. Needs --cleanup.

CUSTOM EXTERNAL COMMANDS
Homebrew, like git(1), supports external commands. These are executable scripts that reside somewhere in the PATH, named brew-cmdname or brew-cmdname.rb, which can be invoked like brew cmdname. This allows you to create your own commands without modifying Homebrew's internals.

Instructions for creating your own commands can be found in the docs: https://docs.brew.sh/External-Commands

SPECIFYING FORMULAE
Many Homebrew commands accept one or more formula arguments. These arguments can take several different forms:

The name of a formula
    e.g. git, node, wget.

The fully-qualified name of a tapped formula
    Sometimes a formula from a tapped repository may conflict with one in homebrew/core. You can still access these formulae by using a special syntax, e.g. homebrew/dupes/vim or homebrew/versions/node4.

An arbitrary file
    Homebrew can install formulae from a local path. It can point to either a formula file or a bottle. Prefix relative paths with ./ to prevent them being interpreted as a formula or tap name.

SPECIFYING CASKS
Many Homebrew Cask commands accept one or more cask arguments. These can be specified the same way as the formula arguments described in SPECIFYING FORMULAE above.

ENVIRONMENT
Note that environment variables must have a value set to be detected. For example, run export HOMEBREW_NO_INSECURE_REDIRECT=1 rather than just export HOMEBREW_NO_INSECURE_REDIRECT.

HOMEBREW_ARCH
    Linux only: Pass this value to a type name representing the compiler's -march option.

    Default: native.

HOMEBREW_ARTIFACT_DOMAIN
    Prefix all download URLs, including those for bottles, with this variable. For example, HOMEBREW_ARTIFACT_DOMAIN=http://localhost:8080 will cause a formula with the URL https://example.com/foo.tar.gz to instead download from http://localhost:8080/example.com/foo.tar.gz.

HOMEBREW_AUTO_UPDATE_SECS
    Automatically check for updates once per this seconds interval.

    Default: 300.

HOMEBREW_BAT
    If set, use bat for the brew cat command.

HOMEBREW_BAT_CONFIG_PATH
    Use this as the bat configuration file.

    Default: $HOME/.bat/config.

HOMEBREW_BINTRAY_KEY
    Use this API key when accessing the Bintray API (where bottles are stored).

HOMEBREW_BINTRAY_USER
    Use this username when accessing the Bintray API (where bottles are stored).

HOMEBREW_BOTTLE_DOMAIN
    Use this URL as the download mirror for bottles. For example, HOMEBREW_BOTTLE_DOMAIN=http://localhost:8080 will cause all bottles to download from the prefix http://localhost:8080/.

    Default: macOS: https://homebrew.bintray.com/, Linux: https://linuxbrew.bintray.com/.

HOMEBREW_BREW_GIT_REMOTE
    Use this URL as the Homebrew/brew git(1) remote.

    Default: https://github.com/Homebrew/brew.

HOMEBREW_BROWSER
    Use this as the browser when opening project homepages.

    Default: $BROWSER or the OS's default browser.

HOMEBREW_CACHE
    Use this directory as the download cache.

    Default: macOS: $HOME/Library/Caches/Homebrew, Linux: $XDG_CACHE_HOME/Homebrew or $HOME/.cache/Homebrew.

HOMEBREW_CASK_OPTS
    Append these options to all cask commands. All --*dir options, --language, --require-sha, --no-quarantine and --no-binaries are supported. For example, you might add something like the following to your ~/.profile, ~/.bash_profile, or ~/.zshenv:

    export HOMEBREW_CASK_OPTS="--appdir=~/Applications --fontdir=/Library/Fonts"

HOMEBREW_CLEANUP_MAX_AGE_DAYS
    Cleanup all cached files older than this many days.

    Default: 120.

HOMEBREW_COLOR
    If set, force colour output on non-TTY outputs.

HOMEBREW_CORE_GIT_REMOTE
    Use this URL as the Homebrew/homebrew-core git(1) remote.

    Default: macOS: https://github.com/Homebrew/homebrew-core, Linux: https://github.com/Homebrew/linuxbrew-core.

HOMEBREW_CURLRC
    If set, do not pass --disable when invoking curl(1), which disables the use of curlrc.

HOMEBREW_CURL_RETRIES
    Pass the given retry count to --retry when invoking curl(1).

    Default: 3.

HOMEBREW_CURL_VERBOSE
    If set, pass --verbose when invoking curl(1).

HOMEBREW_DEVELOPER
    If set, tweak behaviour to be more relevant for Homebrew developers (active or budding) by e.g. turning warnings into errors.

HOMEBREW_DISABLE_LOAD_FORMULA
    If set, refuse to load formulae. This is useful when formulae are not trusted (such as in pull requests).

HOMEBREW_DISPLAY
    Use this X11 display when opening a page in a browser, for example with brew home. Primarily useful on Linux.

    Default: $DISPLAY.

HOMEBREW_DISPLAY_INSTALL_TIMES
    If set, print install times for each formula at the end of the run.

HOMEBREW_EDITOR
    Use this editor when editing a single formula, or several formulae in the same directory.

    Note: brew edit will open all of Homebrew as discontinuous files and directories. Visual Studio Code can handle this correctly in project mode, but many editors will do strange things in this case.

    Default: $EDITOR or $VISUAL.

HOMEBREW_FAIL_LOG_LINES
    Output this many lines of output on formula system failures.

    Default: 15.

HOMEBREW_FORBIDDEN_LICENSES
    A space-separated list of licenses. Homebrew will refuse to install a formula if it or any of its dependencies has a license on this list.

HOMEBREW_FORCE_BREWED_CURL
    If set, always use a Homebrew-installed curl(1) rather than the system version. Automatically set if the system version of curl is too old.

HOMEBREW_FORCE_BREWED_GIT
    If set, always use a Homebrew-installed git(1) rather than the system version. Automatically set if the system version of git is too old.

HOMEBREW_FORCE_HOMEBREW_ON_LINUX
    If set, running Homebrew on Linux will use URLs for macOS. This is useful when merging pull requests for macOS while on Linux.

HOMEBREW_FORCE_VENDOR_RUBY
    If set, always use Homebrew's vendored, relocatable Ruby version even if the system version of Ruby is new enough.

HOMEBREW_GITHUB_API_PASSWORD
    Use this password for authentication with the GitHub API, for features such as brew search. This is deprecated in favour of using HOMEBREW_GITHUB_API_TOKEN.

HOMEBREW_GITHUB_API_TOKEN
    Use this personal access token for the GitHub API, for features such as brew search. You can create one at https://github.com/settings/tokens. If set, GitHub will allow you a greater number of API requests. For more information, see: https://docs.github.com/en/rest/overview/resources-in-the-rest-api#rate-limiting

    Note: Homebrew doesn't require permissions for any of the scopes, but some developer commands may require additional permissions.

HOMEBREW_GITHUB_API_USERNAME
    Use this username for authentication with the GitHub API, for features such as brew search. This is deprecated in favour of using HOMEBREW_GITHUB_API_TOKEN.

HOMEBREW_GIT_EMAIL
    Set the Git author and committer email to this value.

HOMEBREW_GIT_NAME
    Set the Git author and committer name to this value.

HOMEBREW_INSTALL_BADGE
    Print this text before the installation summary of each successful build.

    Default: The "Beer Mug" emoji.

HOMEBREW_LIVECHECK_WATCHLIST
    Consult this file for the list of formulae to check by default when no formula argument is passed to brew livecheck.

    Default: $HOME/.brew_livecheck_watchlist.

HOMEBREW_LOGS
    Use this directory to store log files.

    Default: macOS: $HOME/Library/Logs/Homebrew, Linux: $XDG_CACHE_HOME/Homebrew/Logs or $HOME/.cache/Homebrew/Logs.

HOMEBREW_MAKE_JOBS
    Use this value as the number of parallel jobs to run when building with make(1).

    Default: The number of available CPU cores.

HOMEBREW_NO_ANALYTICS
    If set, do not send analytics. For more information, see: https://docs.brew.sh/Analytics

HOMEBREW_NO_AUTO_UPDATE
    If set, do not automatically update before running brew install, brew upgrade or brew tap.

HOMEBREW_NO_BOTTLE_SOURCE_FALLBACK
    If set, fail on the failure of installation from a bottle rather than falling back to building from source.

HOMEBREW_NO_INSTALLED_DEPENDENTS_CHECK
    If set, do not check for broken dependents after installing, upgrading or reinstalling formulae.

HOMEBREW_NO_COLOR
    If set, do not print text with colour added.

    Default: $NO_COLOR.

HOMEBREW_NO_COMPAT
    If set, disable all use of legacy compatibility code.

HOMEBREW_NO_EMOJI
    If set, do not print HOMEBREW_INSTALL_BADGE on a successful build.

    Note: Will only try to print emoji on OS X Lion or newer.

HOMEBREW_NO_GITHUB_API
    If set, do not use the GitHub API, e.g. for searches or fetching relevant issues after a failed install.

HOMEBREW_NO_INSECURE_REDIRECT
    If set, forbid redirects from secure HTTPS to insecure HTTP.

    Note: While ensuring your downloads are fully secure, this is likely to cause from-source SourceForge, some GNU & GNOME-hosted formulae to fail to download.

HOMEBREW_NO_INSTALL_CLEANUP
    If set, brew install, brew upgrade and brew reinstall will never automatically cleanup installed/upgraded/reinstalled formulae or all formulae every 30 days.

HOMEBREW_PRY
    If set, use Pry for the brew irb command.

HOMEBREW_SKIP_OR_LATER_BOTTLES
    If set along with HOMEBREW_DEVELOPER, do not use bottles from older versions of macOS. This is useful in development on new macOS versions.

HOMEBREW_SORBET_RUNTIME
    If set, enable runtime typechecking using Sorbet.

HOMEBREW_SVN
    Use this as the svn(1) binary.

    Default: A Homebrew-built Subversion (if installed), or the system-provided binary.

HOMEBREW_TEMP
    Use this path as the temporary directory for building packages. Changing this may be needed if your system temporary directory and Homebrew prefix are on different volumes, as macOS has trouble moving symlinks across volumes when the target does not yet exist. This issue typically occurs when using FileVault or custom SSD configurations.

    Default: macOS: /private/tmp, Linux: /tmp.

HOMEBREW_UPDATE_REPORT_ONLY_INSTALLED
    If set, brew update only lists updates to installed software.

HOMEBREW_UPDATE_TO_TAG
    If set, always use the latest stable tag (even if developer commands have been run).

HOMEBREW_VERBOSE
    If set, always assume --verbose when running commands.

HOMEBREW_DEBUG
    If set, always assume --debug when running commands.

HOMEBREW_VERBOSE_USING_DOTS
    If set, verbose output will print a . no more than once a minute. This can be useful to avoid long-running Homebrew commands being killed due to no output.

all_proxy
    Use this SOCKS5 proxy for curl(1), git(1) and svn(1) when downloading through Homebrew.

ftp_proxy
    Use this FTP proxy for curl(1), git(1) and svn(1) when downloading through Homebrew.

http_proxy
    Use this HTTP proxy for curl(1), git(1) and svn(1) when downloading through Homebrew.

https_proxy
    Use this HTTPS proxy for curl(1), git(1) and svn(1) when downloading through Homebrew.

no_proxy
    A comma-separated list of hostnames and domain names excluded from proxying by curl(1), git(1) and svn(1) when downloading through Homebrew.

SUDO_ASKPASS
    If set, pass the -A option when calling sudo(8).

USING HOMEBREW BEHIND A PROXY
Set the http_proxy, https_proxy, all_proxy, ftp_proxy and/or no_proxy environment variables documented above.

For example, to use an unauthenticated HTTP or SOCKS5 proxy:

    export http_proxy=http://$HOST:$PORT
    export all_proxy=socks5://$HOST:$PORT

And for an authenticated HTTP proxy:

    export http_proxy=http://$USER:$PASSWORD@$HOST:$PORT

SEE ALSO
Homebrew Documentation: https://docs.brew.sh

Homebrew API: https://rubydoc.brew.sh

git(1), git-log(1)

AUTHORS
Homebrew's Project Leader is Mike McQuaid.

Homebrew's Project Leadership Committee is Misty De Meo, Shaun Jackman, Jonathan Chang, Sean Molenaar and Markus Reiter.

Homebrew's Technical Steering Committee is Michka Popoff, FX Coudert, Markus Reiter, Misty De Meo and Mike McQuaid.

Homebrew/brew's Linux maintainers are Michka Popoff, Shaun Jackman, Dawid Dziurla, Issy Long and Maxim Belkin.

Homebrew's other current maintainers are Claudia Pellegrino, Zach Auten, Rui Chen, Vitor Galvao, Caleb Xu, Gautham Goli, Steven Peters, Bo Anderson, William Woodruff, Igor Kapkov, Sam Ford, Alexander Bayandin, Izaak Beekman, Eric Knibbe, Viktor Szakats, Thierry Moisan, Steven Peters, Tom Schoonjans, Issy Long, CoreCode, Randall, Rylan Polster, SeekingMeaning, William Ma and Dustin Rodrigues.

Former maintainers with significant contributions include Jan Viljanen, JCount, commitay, Dominyk Tiller, Tim Smith, Baptiste Fontaine, Xu Cheng, Martin Afanasjew, Brett Koonce, Charlie Sharpsteen, Jack Nagel, Adam Vandenberg, Andrew Janke, Alex Dunn, neutric, Tomasz Pajor, Uladzislau Shablinski, Alyssa Ross, ilovezfs, Chongyu Zhu and Homebrew's creator: Max Howell.

BUGS
See our issues on GitHub:

Homebrew/brew
    https://github.com/Homebrew/brew/issues

Homebrew/homebrew-core
    https://github.com/Homebrew/homebrew-core/issues

Homebrew/homebrew-cask
    https://github.com/Homebrew/homebrew-cask/issues